He recalled that in 1948, when he was five, Burgess came to stay for a holiday. In 1940 he began working for the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (SIS or MI6). [9][pageneeded]. That summer, friends thought her distracted. Philby snr was the senior officer of Britain's Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) in Washington in the early 1950s, working with the CIA and FBI, when he fell under suspicion of spying. [92] Melinda left Maclean and briefly lived with Philby in Moscow. Then, with no more information to be had, the story of the Macleans went dead. Fergie is horrified that [Donald] might have done something wrong at the office and the FO will be very angry when he returns. "[8], Upon Philby's graduation, Maurice Dobb, a fellow of King's College, Cambridge and tutor in Economics, introduced him to the World Federation for the Relief of the Victims of German Fascism, an organization based in Paris which attempted to aid the people victimized by Nazi Germany and provide education on oppositions to fascism. He was implicated in a similar campaign in Albania. After all, they won the war.'". [11][pageneeded] Philby's Soviet controller at the time, Theodore Maly, reported in April 1937 to the NKVD that he had personally briefed Philby on the need "to discover the system of guarding Franco and his entourage". Halfway there, they switched cars and drove to a small airport in the Soviet zone of Austria. Philby's less attractive personal qualities were matched by a charm to which many of his MI6 colleagues succumbed. We are no longer accepting comments on this article. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. 149", "Up on the Catwalk Lyrics Simple Minds", The Defence of the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5, Stalin's Englishman: The Lives of Guy Burgess, Annotated bibliography of the Philby Affair, File release: Cold War Cambridge spies Burgess and Maclean, "Kim Philby: The Spy Who Loved Me" by Charlotte Philby, 12 June 2018, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_Philby&oldid=1139360835, Belgian comic authors Olivier Neuray and Valerie Lemaire wrote a series of three historical comics entitled "Les Cinq de Cambridge" involving Kim Philby. Although she would be left pitied, even censured, and alone in a country in which she had spent barely one-tenth of her life, it might be better that he should be free to live a new life in Moscow than spend a decade behind bars. She liked it that he was a man with strong beliefs, and agreed to stand by him. 'in Russian", "The Cambridge Spies' West Hampstead connection", "Kim Philby: new revelations about spy emerge in secret files", "Spies Philby's widow tells of an Englishman's life in exile", "Moscow square named after notorious British double agent Kim Philby", "A Cold War Mystery: Was the Soviet Mole Kim Philby a Double Agent or a Triple Agent? He barely embraced his wife. Expert news and commentary on intelligence, espionage, spies and spying, January 24, 2013 Philby had defected to the Soviet Union from Beirut in 1963, and was treated with respect, but felt isolated. Most intelligence historians believe that Philby was almost single-handedly responsible for the deaths of dozens even hundreds of Western intelligence officers and agents who perished during the Cold War while on missions in the USSR and Eastern Europe. He said that there was no discipline there; he made friends with the archivist, which enabled him for years to take secret documents home, many unrelated to his own work, and bring them back the next day; his handler took and photographed them overnight. Could they have overlooked Philby's Communist wife?" He said, 'Why do old people live so badly here? Required to take new names and identities, Maclean chose to be Mark Petrovich Frazer (after the Cambridge anthropologist Sir James Frazer of Golden Bough fame, a 12-volume study of mythology and religion). Burgess had to get to London to warn Maclean, who was under surveillance. [7][pageneeded], At Cambridge, Philby showed his "leaning towards communism," in the words of his father St John, who went on to write: "The only serious question is whether Kim definitely intended to be disloyal to the government while in its service. [11][pageneeded] On a short trip back from Spain, Philby tried to recruit Flora Solomon as a Soviet agent; she was the daughter of a Russian banker and gold dealer, a relative of the Rothschilds, and wife of a London stockbroker. He drank to excess, hit her, and often disappeared. "[69] Prompted by Elliott's accusations, Philby confirmed the charges of espionage and described his intelligence activities on behalf of the Soviets. I was serving the interests of the Soviet Union and those interests required that these men were defeated. After Donald Maclean fled to Moscow to escape arrest in Britain as the spy who, for 15 years, had passed state secrets to the Soviet Union, friends of his wife, Melinda, found it easy to believe that she knew nothing of her husbands treachery. They subsequently moved to Britain; however, as Philby assumed the role of a fascist sympathiser, they separated. Philby planned to infiltrate five or six groups of migrs into Soviet Armenia or Soviet Georgia, but efforts among the expatriate community in Paris produced just two recruits. Death. 23. She told a BBC documentary: He was just dad. He trained Albanian commandossome of whom were former Nazi collaboratorsin Libya or Malta. children: Dudley Thomas Philby, Harry George Philby, John . Will former US government informant face terror charges inIndia. J. Edgar Hoover complained that Burgess used British Embassy automobiles to avoid arrest when he cruised Washington in pursuit of homosexual encounters. I think that he was of Czech origin; about 5ft 7in, stout, with blue eyes and light curly hair. He had five, one of whom, incidentally, was named after George Washington, the American president. Eleanor found Melinda amusing but nervous and highly strung and yearning for the luxuries of Western capitalism. Shortly after the extent of Philby's penetration was publicised in October. [68], Philby told Elliott that he was "half expecting" to see him. He would say we and our when speaking of the Soviet Union and defended his adopted countrys brutal crushing of the Hungarian Uprising in 1956 an event that disgusted many Left-wing supporters back in the UK. You can give that to the International Organisation for Aid for Revolutionaries. Jun 27, 2019. Solomon introduced Philby to the woman who would become Philby's second wife, Aileen Furse. A few days after her return to Switzerland, she told her mother she had run into an old friend in the local market and hed invited her and the children to stay with him for the weekend in his villa at the other end of Lake Geneva. He is widely considered historys most successful double spy. Philby's award of the Order of the British Empire was cancelled and annulled in 1965. We have noticed that there is an issue with your subscription billing details. Philby was given the task of dealing with Volkov by British intelligence. [38] Nevertheless, Angleton's suspicions went unheard. They knew the risks they were running. (LogOut/ He. Harold Adrian Russell Philby, ; 1 1912, , 11 1988, ) . Wages and incomes of the population. On 23 May, concerned that Maclean had not yet fled, Philby wired Burgess, ostensibly about his Lincoln convertible abandoned in the Embassy car park. [79]Mikhail Lyubimov, his closest KGB contact, explained that this was to guard his safety, but later admitted that the real reason was the KGB's fear that Philby would return to London. [37], In February 1934, Philby married Litzi Friedmann, an Austrian Jewish communist whom he had met in Vienna. His father, Harry St John Bridger Philby, was a Colonial Office intelligence officer. Philby occupied himself by writing his memoirs, which were published in the UK in 1968 under the title My Silent War; they were not published in the Soviet Union until 1980. Harry St John Bridger Philby CIE (born 3 April 1885, Badulla, British Ceylon - 30 September 1960, Beirut, Lebanon), also known as Jack Philby or Sheikh Abdullah ( ), his Arabic name, was an Arabist, explorer, writer, and British colonial office intelligence officer. After Philby's father was accused in the British Parliament of ''dubious Third Man activities'' in 1955, the son's classmates were enthralled to think his father might be a spy, and the boy basked in the reflected glow of notoriety. His public position was that of First Secretary at the British Consulate; in reality, his intelligence work required overseeing British agents and working with the Turkish security services.[42]. In 1965, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. He was able to order new books from Bowes & Bowes bookshop in Cambridge, who checked with MI5 whether they should be supplying him. Shortly afterward, Philby was moved to the job as chief SIS representative in Washington, D.C., with his family. By Dora Patricia Cardew Philby. In January 1963, having finally been unmasked as a Soviet agent, Philby defected to Moscow, where he lived until his death in 1988. Johnson was killed outright, and Neil and Sheepshanks soon died of their injuries. [5] He also began working for both the Soviet and British intelligence, which usually consisted of posting letters in a crude code to a fictitious girlfriend, Mlle Dupont in Paris, for the Russians. Of the five, Philby is believed to have been most successful in providing secret information to the Soviets.[2]. It was published by Casterman in 2015, One of the earliest appearances of Philby as a character in fiction was in the 1974, In the 1987 adaptation of the novel, also named, Philby appears as one of the central antagonists in, Under the cover name of 'Mowgli' Philby appears in, Philby was the inspiration for the character of British intelligence officer Archibald "Arch" Cummings in the 2006 film, The song "Angleton", by Russian indie rock band, This page was last edited on 14 February 2023, at 18:55. The difference between the two concepts is important, as the information position of the two categories is rather different. They even had a dacha a country cottage 20 miles from Moscow where the children could swim, fish, bicycle and forage for mushrooms. [64], In 1961, Anatoliy Golitsyn, a major in the First Chief Directorate of the KGB, defected to the United States from his diplomatic post in Helsinki. His office oversaw a large amount of urgent and top-secret communications between the United States and London. But as the months turned into years and no word came from him, she sank into depression at the realisation that she was now bringing up their children alone. "I said something to the escort and he just stayed silent, sitting, leafing through his magazine. Though a convinced Communist, he had a strong humanistic streak. Their fifth child, Harry George, was born in 1950. But the rezident (Russian term for spymaster) in France, probably Pierre at this time, suggested to Moscow that he suspected Philby's motives. Sis or MI6 ) to avoid arrest when he was five, Philby is believed to have been successful... To a small airport in the Soviet Union and those interests required that these men were.. With Philby in Moscow [ 92 ] Melinda left Maclean and briefly lived with Philby in Moscow by a to! 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