normal glucose level mmol l explained Discriminative Characteristics of Marginalised Novel ... A rapid review of the impacts of "big events" on risks, harms, and service delivery among people who use drugs: implications for responding to COVID-19. Data from a European drug survey amongst 15–16-year-olds conducted before and after the decriminalization provide additional insight into the likely trends in lifetime use. Canada’s war on drugs has caused serious harm, particularly for the nation’s most vulnerable, according to a Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) policy paper released May 27. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar 7. Drug Policy PubMed Google Scholar Even Kalydeco, which provides enormous benefits to patients with a class III mutation are not funded by health systems in Portugal, most of Eastern European countries and even New Zealand. This ecological study aims to examine historical trends in marijuana use among youth along with marijuana legalization. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 68(3), 299–307. We agree with Mars et al .’s 1 conclusions that in most cases the illicit market in fentanils is driven by supply-side factors—with lower price, higher potency and ease of transportation compared to heroin being important factors 2 . Harm reduction. Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for. Research on the Application of Blockchain in Smart Healthcare: Constructing a Hierarchical Framework. An Overview of Antibiotic Resistance in the Environment. Wardhono, E. Y., Kanani, N. & Rahmayetty, A. Metamizole (dipyrone) is a pyrazolone derivate that acts as analgesic and antipyretic drug. The aim of the study was to ascertain the knowledge and perceptions of stakeholders i.e. This study estimated the GDP share of pharmaceuticals in Iran based on the drivers of pharmaceutical expenditure and compared it with that of 31 members of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). CAS PubMed Google Scholar 24. 20, … Decades of evidence has clearly demonstrated that decriminalization is a sensible path forward that would reap vast human and fiscal benefits, while protecting families and communities. However, the findings correlate poorly with present UK drug classification, which is not based simply on considerations of harm. Vol. It enables health professionals to keep their … Dendrons are branched synthetic polymers suitable for preparation of nanosized drug delivery systems. 2009). Drug discovery, intellectual property, knowledge management, licensing, drug development, and entrepreneurship were among the most highly cited keywords. Rev Port Cardiol. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: República Portuguesa [ʁɛˈpuβlikɐ puɾtuˈɣezɐ]), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula, in Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira.It features the westernmost point in mainland Europe and its Iberian portion is bordered to the … Open Medicine is an open access journal that provides users with free, instant, and continued access to all content worldwide. Harm reduction is a set of policies, programmes, services and actions that aim to reduce the harm to individuals, communities and society related to drugs, including HIV infection. Their interactions with biological systems are mainly predetermined by their chemical structure, terminal groups, surface charge, and the number of branched layers (generation). Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar 7. De Macedo ME, Lima MJ, Silva AO, Alcantara P, Ramalhinho V, Carmona J: Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Portugal. … 2021;103127:103127. Research.com really cares about the quality and visibility of research and our mission is to offer leading researchers better exposure of their achievements. 1-3 It is available as a prescription drug in various countries including Belgium, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain and Switzerland as well as over-the-counter medication in other countries such as Brazil, Mexico, China, Turkey, Poland, Russia and Israel. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 145:48–68, 2014 Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar. CAS Article Google Scholar Henderson G (1993) Mechanisms of drug incorporation into hair. This paper reviews evidence of how drug control has been used to uphold colonial power structures in select countries. American Journal of Psychiatry 163:2090–2095, 2006 Google Scholar. Correctional facilities concentrate infectious diseases and fuel drug use harm because of a lack of harm reduction services, overcrowding, and insufficient access to … CAS PubMed Google Scholar 24. The Global Commission on Drug Policy was created in January 2011 by a group of personalities from the Americas and Europe, including former Heads of State and Government wishing to inspire better drug policy globally. 1993, 71: 217-252. The Health (Pricing and Supply of Medical Goods) Act 2013 passed into law in July 2013 and legislated for generic substitution in Ireland. Dendrons are branched synthetic polymers suitable for preparation of nanosized drug delivery systems. Generic drug substitution is a public health policy challenge with high economic potential. A trial revealed that 600 mg per day of α-lipoic acid taken orally effectively diminished pain within 2 weeks of onset of therapy. The most important for any evaluation of national drug policy is the absence of a control comparison; there is no counter-factual Portugal, which did not decriminalize drugs in 2001. Decriminalization of personal drug use and access to legal medications would decrease the risk of incarceration for PWUD. Since ochratoxin A (OTA) was discovered, it has been ubiquitous as a natural contaminant of moldy food and feed. Co-diversification of Enterococcus faecium core genomes and PBP5: evidences of pbp5 horizontal transfer. The recurring words and phrases in the titles and abstracts of open innovation in medical and pharmaceutical research publications. Any new compound intended to be used, alone or in combination, for medical … FIGURE 2. The ‘colonization of drug control’ refers to the use of drug control by states in Europe and America … British Medical Journal 324: 105–106. (2016). 2. CAS Article Google Scholar 28. Wodak A, Reinarman C, Cohen P (2002) Cannabis control: costs outweigh the benefits: For. Find out more. Although food production is essential for a healthy population, an increasing threat to global human health is antimicrobial resistance. Legal Medical Marijuana States and DC, last accessed Sept 23, 2021. The following are some therapeutic applications of Sage: Anti-Inflammatory: Rosmarinic acid in Sage is responsible for its anti-inflammatory property and is used in the preparation of medicines to reduce mouth/throat inflammation such as gingivitis and pharyngitis 9. As part of a pilot project to implement community drug checking in Victoria, BC, Canada, in-depth interviews (N = 27) were held with … Article PubMed Google Scholar Burns, L., & Teesson, M. (2002). 2007. PubMed Google Scholar 3. Some excipients, particularly surfactants, have demonstrated a capacity to interfere with these mechanisms, improving drug bioavailability. Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, a search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.It is considered one of the Big Five companies in the American information technology industry, along with Amazon, Apple, Meta and Microsoft. 2. Google Scholar 120. The increasing number of new chemical entities is bringing new challenges to the field of drug delivery. Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in the United States. Across Europe, the form and availability of prescription opioids vary, as do opioid substitution treatments, drug using patterns and quality of drug-related deaths data 5.Nevertheless, by acknowledging the trends in mortality related to prescription opioids now, European countries have the opportunity to explore preventative measures and reinforce … The aim of this study was to characterise spontaneous reports (SRs) of suspected ADRs received by the Portuguese Pharmacovigilance … FIGURE 2. The various prevalences of use in the various countries are concordant with the considerable heterogeneity of the European drug market. We rely on … Understanding the reasons why a drug appears—supply and demand—is essential to protecting public health. Forensic Sci Int 63:19–29. Adolescents and emerging adults are at high risk for marijuana use. Our readership includes managers, policy makers and clinical staff in health organisations including government departments, hospitals, community centres and aged-care facilities as well as all others with an interest in the health industry. The effects of the decriminalization of drug use in Portugal. Inhaled medication used for treatment of chronic obstructive lung diseases (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD, and Asthma-COPD overlap) may be associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Its mission is to facilitate the exchange of ideas between medical science researchers from different countries. It demonstrates the racist and xenophobic impact of drug control policy and proposes a path to move beyond oppressive systems and structures. (2021, June 22). Psychiatric Services 59:34–39, 2008 … We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 51. Legalization.Last accessed June 30, 2021. Soumerai SB, Ross-Degnan D, Fortess EE, Abelson J: A critical analysis of studies of state drug reimbursement policies: research in need of discipline. One of the most noted consequences of antibiotic misuse and antibiotic pollution is the increased frequency of bacteria harboring ARGs in different environments (here, antibiotic resistance is defined as any reduction in susceptibility in a bacterial strain compared to the susceptible wildtype [20,21]). symptoms childhood diabetes nutrition. International Journal of Drug Policy, Volume 52, February 2018, p. 71–78. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: República Portuguesa [ʁɛˈpuβlikɐ puɾtuˈɣezɐ]), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula, in Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira.It features the westernmost point in mainland Europe and its Iberian portion is bordered to the … Primary care providers are often the first line of contact for adolescents, being crucial in identifying and managing this pathology. Portugal decriminalized the public and private use, acquisition, and possession of all drugs in 2000; adopting an approach focused on public health rather than public-order priorities. The primary goal of the journal has always been a focus on maintaining the high quality of its published content. DOI PubMed Google Scholar Novais C , Tedim AP , Lanza VF , Freitas AR , Silveira E , Escada R , et al. Google Scholar 2. A woman wearing a face mask crosses a street in Lisbon, Thursday, Nov. 25, 2021. Int J Drug Policy. 2School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. Inhaled medication used for treatment of chronic obstructive lung diseases (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD, and Asthma-COPD overlap) may be associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Aducanumab and Drug-Pricing Policy; ... and Washington) and countries (e.g., Uruguay, Portugal, ... Google Scholar. Arguing that the Portuguese Drug Policy Model has not proven influential enough to emancipate drug use from the stigma that associates it either with crime or pathology, this … Portugal decriminalized the public and private use, acquisition, and possession of all drugs in 2000; adopting an approach focused on public health rather than public-order priorities. CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar 52. Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, a search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.It is considered one of the Big Five companies in the American information technology industry, along with Amazon, Apple, Meta and Microsoft. Institutional implementation of hospital glycemic management programs require metrics to monitor progress, assess safety, length of stay and identify opportunities for improvement .Implementation of inpatient hyperglycemia quality improvement programs evaluated with real-time metrics have been shown to improve … 28. The factors contributing to pharmaceutical expenditure were identified through literature review and studied by 8 experts … Int J Drug Policy. For example, OTA can cause porcine nephropathy but can also damage poultries. As drug checking becomes more integrated within public health responses to the overdose crisis, and potentially more institutionalized, there is value in critically questioning the impacts of drug checking as a harm reduction response. Hughes CE, Stevens A. Int J Drug Policy. Search the world's information, including webpages, images, videos and more. Xiaomin Du,1 Beibei Chen,2 Ming Ma,2 and Yanjiao Zhang 3. Oregon's Pioneering Drug Decriminalization Experiment Is Now Facing The Hard Test. Institutional implementation of hospital glycemic management programs require metrics to monitor progress, assess safety, length of stay and identify opportunities for improvement .Implementation of inpatient hyperglycemia quality improvement programs evaluated with real-time metrics have been shown to improve … The PAP study. Rhodes T. Risk environments and drug harms: a social science for harm reduction approach. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar 7. 28 This trial also demonstrated improvement in symptoms of numbness and paresthesia. Besides, several entities also recommend screening … Arguing that the Portuguese Drug Policy Model has not proven influential enough to emancipate drug use from the stigma that associates it either with crime or pathology, this … Statement on Amendment A from South Dakota State Court Administrator, Gregory Sattizahn, June 24, 2021, last accessed June 30, 2021. We conducted a cross-sectional study with general practitioners in the Champagne-Ardenne region to determine physician … We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 6 Wood E, Tyndall MW, Zhang R, et al. As the human population increases there is an increasing reliance on aquaculture to supply a safe, reliable, and economic supply of food. For that reason, although three drugs have been approved by European Medicines Agency, drug reimbursement lags behind in many countries. 51. A trial revealed that 600 mg per day of α-lipoic acid taken orally effectively diminished pain within 2 weeks of onset of therapy. Mike Marshall is the co-founder and director of Oregon Recovers. … Ch, S., & Kjellgren, A. International Journal of Drug Policy, 32(2016), 77–84. Decriminalize drugs and use public health. Zolopa C, Hoj S, Bruneau J, Meeson JS, Minoyan N, Raynault MF, et al. 2021;103127:103127. Wilk JE, West JC, Rae DS, et al: Medicare Part D prescription drug benefits and administrative burden in care of dually eligible psychiatric patients. Drugs are a significant part of the total health expenditure, especially in ambulatory care. This paper reviews evidence of how drug control has been used to uphold colonial power structures in select countries. One way of countering this is by comparing trends from the chosen nation (Portugal) with that of nations that did not undertake the reform. The users of novel psychoactive substances: online survey about their characteristics, attitudes and motivations. , 201 ( 2019 ) , pp. Zolopa C, Hoj S, Bruneau J, Meeson JS, Minoyan N, Raynault MF, et al. 7 Amongst Portuguese youth (see Figure 1), 8 reported lifetime use of most illicit drugs increased in the lead-up to and immediately following the decriminalization, but then declined (Hibell et al. Open Medicine is an open access journal that provides users with free, instant, and continued access to all content worldwide. Vhora, I., Lalani, R., Bhatt, P., Patil, S. & Misra, A. Lipid-nucleic acid nanoparticles of novel ionizable lipids for … Global and regional estimates of the annual prevalence of illicit drug use and NPS use among the adult population (age 15–64 years) in 2015 were obtained from the UNODC World Drug Report 2017 10, with reference to the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs 2015 report 11. symptoms childhood diabetes nutrition. Join 171,591,546 Academics and Researchers. Drug Policy Facts: Chapter List. 28 This trial also demonstrated improvement in symptoms of numbness and paresthesia. Global and regional estimates of the annual prevalence of illicit drug use and NPS use among the adult population (age 15–64 years) in 2015 were obtained from the UNODC World Drug Report 2017 10, with reference to the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs 2015 report 11. Drug Policy Facts provides reliable information from authoritative sources with full citations on important public health, health care, human rights, and criminal legal issues related to drug control policies. Based on the results of two phase II clinical trials, bedaquiline has recently received conditional approval for the treatment of MDR-TB under the trade name Sirturo. Generic drugs are generally cheaper than brand-name drugs. The causative agent of COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that attacks humans without prejudice, and primarily targets the respiratory system. Index Copernicus Value: 84.95. Humans exposed to OTA can develop (notably by inhalation in the development of acute renal … Learn more about our methodology here. Poor mental and physical health has also been associated with inmate misconduct, although no research has examined the relationship between co-occurring conditions and misconduct in prison populations. Milbank Q. Zolopa C, Hoj S, Bruneau J, Meeson JS, Minoyan N, Raynault MF, et al. More and more states legalized medical and recreational marijuana use. Google Scholar The aim of this study was to characterise spontaneous reports (SRs) of suspected ADRs received by the Portuguese Pharmacovigilance … However, the findings correlate poorly with present UK drug classification, which is not based simply on considerations of harm. Multi-drug cocktails: Impurities in commonly used illicit drugs seized by police in Fund, Australia Drug Alcohol Depend. The journal publishes papers on psychological and sociological aspects of alcohol and its effects, including biomedical, biochemical, pharmacological, physiological, behavioral actions and clinical research in humans. Office of the Governor, State of … These findings lend support to previous work assessing drug harms, and show how the improved scoring and weighting approach of MCDA increases the differentiation between the most and least harmful drugs. Academia is the easiest way to share papers with millions of … An Overview of Antibiotic Resistance in the Environment. 2007, 26 (1): 21-39. ProCon.org. The International Journal of Drug Policy 14: 217–219. Any new compound intended to be used, alone or in combination, for medical … A woman wearing a face mask crosses a street in Lisbon, Thursday, Nov. 25, 2021. Vhora, I., Lalani, R., Bhatt, P., Patil, S. & Misra, A. Lipid-nucleic acid nanoparticles of novel ionizable lipids for … These drugs present bioavailability issues that are frequently associated with intestinal metabolism or efflux mechanisms. 36 The rates … Alcohol use disorders comorbid with anxiety, depression and drug use disorders: findings from the Australian National Survey of mental health and well being. Its mission is to facilitate the exchange of ideas between medical science researchers from different countries. Our rankings of scientists are based on transparent procedures based on well-established metrics gathered from trusted sources of data. Journal of Alcoholism & Drug Dependence deals with the aspects of alcohol, drug and its dependence. It demonstrates the racist and xenophobic impact of drug control policy and proposes a path to move beyond oppressive systems and structures. Google's free service instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages. Extensive antibiotic resistant strains are now being detected; the spread of these strains could greatly … The ‘colonization of drug control’ refers to the use of drug control by states in Europe and America … type 2 diabetes google scholar zucchini ( treatment guidelines) | type 2 diabetes google scholar joint painhow to type 2 diabetes google scholar for Metzger BE, Gabbe SG, Persson B, Buchanan TA, Catalano PA, Damm P, et al. 10.2307/3350399. Harm reduction is key in the prevention of HIV infection among people who inject drugs (PWIDs) and their sexual partners. Research has shown that inmate misconduct is related to a range of demographic factors and experiences with the criminal justice system. A rapid review of the impacts of "big events" on risks, harms, and service delivery among people who use drugs: implications for responding to COVID-19. Search the world's information, including webpages, images, videos and more. Depression is a common mental health disease, especially in mid to late adolescence that, due to its particularities, is a challenge and requires an effective diagnosis. Academia.edu is a place to share and follow research. View Article Google Scholar 7. National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws. 49 - 57 , 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.03.019 Article Download PDF View Record in Scopus Google Scholar patients, pharmacists and prescribers, of generic medicines and to generic substitution with the passing of legislation. 2021;103127:103127. The multiple toxic effects of OTA are a real threat for human beings and animal health. Pakistan is a developing country with a large population and a … The drug showed in vitro and in vivo activity against M. tuberculosis and then entered into clinical evaluation for drug susceptible and MDR-TB [74,118,119]. In the wake of the Portuguese vaccination program 50th anniversary it seems appropriate to review vaccination in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The world is currently gripped by the fear of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Based on the results of two phase II clinical trials, bedaquiline has recently received conditional approval for the treatment of MDR-TB under the trade name Sirturo. And according to a report by the Drug Policy Alliance, a New York-based nonprofit with the goal of ending America’s “War on Drugs,” the percentage of … With present UK drug classification, which is not based simply on considerations of harm of its content. And abstracts of Open innovation in medical and recreational marijuana use use among youth with. Outweigh the benefits: for journal has always been a focus on maintaining the quality! 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